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<blockquote data-quote="Art Welter" data-source="post: 217765" data-attributes="member: 52"><p>Bob McCarthy answered those questions :</p><p> <a href="https://bobmccarthy.com/the-emperors-new-stereo/" target="_blank">https://bobmccarthy.com/the-emperors-new-stereo/</a></p><p></p><p><em>"We locate the image depending on which source arrives first to our ears, even if the time difference is minimal and the later source has more intensity. The psychoacoustic relation between these two factors is known as ”Precedence effect” and was analyzed in 1950, among others, by the now famous Dr. Helmut Haas.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>The ”sweet spot” for binaural localization (stereo imaging) is within the first millisecond of time difference. If the time difference exceeds the 5 milliseconds, the sound image can only be moved by brute force. The channel that arrives last must be 10 dB louder than the first to achieve this.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>Now this is where the scale concept really comes alive.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>Time and intensity differences don’t translate equally when we scale from a small space to a large one.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>The intensity difference is a proportion between the level of both sources (the two speakers, the two channels…). The intensity relationship between left and right channel is the same in your living room than in a stadium. If you’re standing at twice the distance from one speaker in reference to the other, the intensity difference will be 6 dB, This will remain the same, no matter if the difference is 1.5 and 3 meters, or 15 and 30 meters.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>The time difference, however, is not a proportion. It is simply, the DIFFERENCE in the arrival time of both sources.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>While the intensity difference was kept constant in the previous example, the time difference will be multiplied by 10 when we increase the distance from 1.5 (4.4 ms approx.) to 15 meters (44 ms).</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>Given that the time difference is the predominating factor in sound location, you can clearly see that the odds are low when you’re trying to achieve stereo in large scale.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>Because we only have a 5 ms window to control the image, the usable space to recreate stereo in a stadium is, in proportion, really small compared to your living room. In other words, the horizontal area needed to experience true stereo localization (the space where the images can be situated) is barely larger in a stadium than it is in your living room."</em></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Art Welter, post: 217765, member: 52"] Bob McCarthy answered those questions : [URL]https://bobmccarthy.com/the-emperors-new-stereo/[/URL] [I]"We locate the image depending on which source arrives first to our ears, even if the time difference is minimal and the later source has more intensity. The psychoacoustic relation between these two factors is known as ”Precedence effect” and was analyzed in 1950, among others, by the now famous Dr. Helmut Haas. The ”sweet spot” for binaural localization (stereo imaging) is within the first millisecond of time difference. If the time difference exceeds the 5 milliseconds, the sound image can only be moved by brute force. The channel that arrives last must be 10 dB louder than the first to achieve this. Now this is where the scale concept really comes alive. Time and intensity differences don’t translate equally when we scale from a small space to a large one. The intensity difference is a proportion between the level of both sources (the two speakers, the two channels…). The intensity relationship between left and right channel is the same in your living room than in a stadium. If you’re standing at twice the distance from one speaker in reference to the other, the intensity difference will be 6 dB, This will remain the same, no matter if the difference is 1.5 and 3 meters, or 15 and 30 meters. The time difference, however, is not a proportion. It is simply, the DIFFERENCE in the arrival time of both sources. While the intensity difference was kept constant in the previous example, the time difference will be multiplied by 10 when we increase the distance from 1.5 (4.4 ms approx.) to 15 meters (44 ms). Given that the time difference is the predominating factor in sound location, you can clearly see that the odds are low when you’re trying to achieve stereo in large scale. Because we only have a 5 ms window to control the image, the usable space to recreate stereo in a stadium is, in proportion, really small compared to your living room. In other words, the horizontal area needed to experience true stereo localization (the space where the images can be situated) is barely larger in a stadium than it is in your living room."[/I] [/QUOTE]
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